GHK-Cu Concentration: What Do 2%, 4%, and 10% Mean
This in turn causes the skin to regenerate itself - thus improving the overall quality of the skin
The cells were lysed by ultrasound for 20 min at 4 C, followed by centrifugation at 12,000 rpm for 15 min to collect the supernatant
It upregulates genes involved in collagen synthesis (COL1A1, COL3A1, COL5A1), extracellular matrix remodeling (decorin, fibromodulin), and antioxidant defense (superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase) while simultaneously suppressing genes associated with inflammation (IL-6, TNF-alpha), fibrinogen production, and tissue destruction (several MMPs)
Topical GHK-Cu is often applied once or twice daily on the skin or scalp