10.3390/nu8030167 93 LinX.ZhouY.LiS.ZhouH.MaB.ZhangZ.et al (2022)
TIP peptide also blunts ROS generation and barrier dysfunction in HL-MVEC induced by the S1 subunit of the SARS-CoV2 spike protein (Romero et al., 2023), as such indicating that endothelial ENaC can also suppress endothelial oxidative stress in COVID-19 and possibly in long COVID, where the spike protein, which can be detected months later even after the virus is no longer present, was proposed to be involved in the pathology ( Clinical trials evaluating the TIP peptide in patients with lung transplantation and ARDS In a phase 1 clinical trial in healthy volunteers, inhalation of the ENaC-activator TIP peptide (a.k.a AP301, Solnatide) caused no noticeable side effects (Schwameis et al., 2014)
Compound identification on supernatants was made by resorting to the Human Metabolome Database ( accessed on 24 May 2024) and Chenomx NMR Suite software version 8.1 (Chenomx Inc.), which was also used for metabolite quantification
Glutathione is a tripeptide made from three amino acids: cysteine, glutamate, and glycine
Wrblewski M, Wrblewska J, Nuszkiewicz J, Pawowska M, Wesoowski R, Woniak A